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Nicaragua: The Tobacco-Producing Country That Endures

To cigar smokers, Nicaragua is already Marines occupying the country from 1912
legendary. Through regime change, social to 1933. Left-wing guerilla Augusto
upheaval, and revolution, this Latin Sandino led an effort to expel them,
American nation has produced some of the which was partially successful; but
world's finest tobacco. And since the Anastasio Somoza Garcia, a conservative,
post-1959 "cigar diaspora"-when many of later secretly ordered his assassination,
Cuba's great cigar makers fled the putting an end to a brief left-and-right
country to seek more propitious coalition government. The Somozas ruled
conditions than those they expected to until 1979, when a party named after that
find under Castro-it's produced many of dead guerilla-the FSLN, or Sandinista
the world's finest cigars, too. party-ousted them from power. The wheel
Since 1959, Nicaragua has been a cigar turns again. And again: during the '80s,
powerhouse, producing some of the the country was torn apart by war between
highest-ranked and best-selling premium the right-wing, US-backed Contras and the
cigars in the world: CAO, Perdomo, left-wing, ruling Sandinistas (who, on
Padron, Don Pepin Garcia and Drew Estate the good side, reduced the country's
among many others. It competes even with widespread illiteracy by a stunning forty
the wares of the Dominican Republic and percent within five months, but on the
Cuba, currently the cigar world's bad side, committed human rights
reigning superpowers. But there's a lot violations during the civil war).
more to this country than just great The Sandinistas, incidentally, almost
smokes: from the marvelous ancient destroyed the country's preeminence among
footprints of Acahualinca to the fact cigar-tobacco growers. In trying to put
that it was the first Latin American the desperately-poor, and politically
nation to elect a woman President, encircled, nation on a more secure
Nicaragua has a history worth knowing economic footing, the Sandinistas ordered
about-and one that may impact its future tobacco farmers to switch to cultivating
as a cigar lover's capital. cigarette tobacco. (This was before the
Roughly the size of New York, the country "cigar boom" of the 1990s; many observers
is rich in natural resources-so much so expected the market for cigars to
that nearly twenty percent of its continue to dwindle.) Wherever a person
territory is taken up by one or another may come down politically, cigar smokers
officially-designated nature preserve. can agree that this was a mistake!
Predictably, this fertile and beautiful Both sides in the nation's long culture
country has been the subject of frequent war were heavily hit in 1998 by Hurricane
political power struggles: first between Mitch, one of many natural disasters to
the various Spanish Conquistadores and wreak havoc on this beleaguered country.
the indigenous population, which has had After decades of civil war had
a presence in the area for at least six handicapped its economy and wrecked much
thousand years and was nearly wiped out of its infrastructure, this cataclysmic
by 1529. Nicaragua was later annexed by hurricane did away with nearly seventy
the Mexican Empire, finally achieving percent of the infrastructure still
independence in 1838; since then, rival standing at the time.
conservative and liberal factions have Under the circumstances, it's amazing
fought each other for control of the that Nicaragua continues to enjoy the
country's destiny. There was civil war regional importance that it does-but
during the 1840s and '50s, during which sometimes amazing things happen.
an American pretender, William Walker, Nicaragua makes three hundred million in
briefly declared himself the country's exports every year (mostly agricultural),
leader after double-crossing the Liberals boasts one of the best-regarded rums in
who had recruited him to fight in the Latin America (Flor de Cana), enjoys a
war. (Several Latin American countries' flourishing tourism industry and, of
armies united to chase him out of the course, makes some truly heavenly
country the following year, in 1856.) tobacco. Though it's considered a
This pattern-conservative-vs.-liberal developing nation, it did recently earn a
infighting, with occasional interference ranking from the World Bank as the
from the nearest world power-continued sixty-second best place to start a new
through the twentieth century. A business-the highest-performing Central
US-backed Conservative regime ruled for American country in this particular
decades early in the century, with ranking, except for Panama.




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