Know your Spanish Dialects when Traveling to Spain or Latin America

A dialect is defined in linguistic terms as a languageSpain and those of Latin America is the use of
variety which is spoken in a specific territory. In thepronouns. Thus, in Spain, the informal pronoun that has
Spanish peninsula, for example, there are differentremained for the second person singular (in English
dialects of Spanish. One should not, however, mix up"you") is "tu". However, some Latin American countries,
the different dialects in Spain with the different(Argentina, Uruguay or Paraguay, for example) have
languages spoken in the Peninsula: Spanish, Catalan,retained the pre-modern "vos". This leads to unique
Basque and Galician.verb forms such as "¿entendes?" for "do you
The existence of dialects is a natural consequence ofunderstand?" instead of the peninsular
the dynamism of languages. For example, throughout"¿entiendes?" or mixtures such as "¿Vos te
its evolution, Spanish has adopted uniquemarchas ya?" Instead of "¿Tu te marchas ya?"
characteristics in the different places where it is(In English, "are you leaving now?").
spoken. Some of the dialects of Spanish in Spain areThe plural "you" also varies, and thus in Spain people
canario (from the Canary Islands), andaluz (fromdifferentiate between an informal "vosotros" and a
Andalusia), and madrileno (from Madrid). The differentformal "ustedes", whereas this difference does not
Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America alsoexist in Latin America at all. As for pronunciation
present national and regional variations. Thus, we candifferences, the only country where we can find
speak of an Argentinean, a porteno (from Buenosspeakers who pronounce the letter "c" before "e" and
Aires city), a Chilean, or a Colombian dialect, among"i" as the English "th" is Spain. In the rest of the
others.countries, (and also in the South of Spain) this "c" is
The differences between dialects are usually limited topronounced as an "s". Try to pronounce the word
intonation, pronunciation and isolated words and"cenicero" (ashtray) in both ways and you'll hear the
expressions. An example of word variation within thedifference!
Spanish peninsula is "candle". Candle is referred to asEven though dialects are socially valued differently
"vela" in the northern and center parts of Spain, but as(Andalusian, for example, is perceived as less
"candela" in the South. As for pronunciation, the wordeducated than Castilian), linguistically speaking all
"Madrid" is pronounced in the capital of Spain asdialects are equally valid. What we need to remember
"Madrith", whereas in the bilingual areas of the Eastis that everyone speaks a dialect, and therefore
coast, and because of the contact between Spanishdialects are NOT incorrect or less valid versions of a
and Catalan, it becomes "Madrit". In the South,language. If you study Spanish in Buenos Aires and
however, people tend to eliminate the final consonantinteract -as you should- with locals, you will learn the
and say "Madri".particularities of that area.
One of the main differences between the dialects of