Shark Attacks! How Common are They? Where do They Occur?

Last week in Australia, one man's day at beach could* Brazil
have turned into a disaster: He was attacked by a* South Africa
seven-foot bronze whaler shark while surfing about* Reunion Island (in the Indian Ocean)
100 yards out from Sydney's Bronte Beach.* The Bahamas, Cuba, Egypt, Fiji, New Zealand and
Fortunately, the man, Simon Letch, stayed calm andVenezuela (tied)
"shoved the board at [the shark] like a barge pole."***** In the United States, you're more likely to be killed
After taking two bites of the fiberglass board, theby a deer (through auto accidents), dog, snake or
shark swam away and Letch surfed back to shore.mountain lion than you are by a shark. *****
"It was only about 10 or 15 seconds that I was waitingHow to Prevent Shark Attacks
for a wave but it seemed like an eternity," Letch said.First and foremost, if you want to be sure a shark
You'd think that this Jaws-style attack would havewon't attack you ... don't go in the ocean. Next on the
kept Letch on land, at least for the rest of the day, butlist is, don't go in the water if you see a shark, and then
the lifeguard said he came back 30 minutes later,don't go in if you're bleeding-sharks can detect even
replacement board in hand, ready to surf.minute amounts of blood from very far away (this
Afraid to Get Back in the Water?applies even to menstruating women). The Florida
Just how likely are you to come across your ownMuseum of Natural History Ichthyology Department
"Jaws" while wading in the surf or snorkeling withoffers these other shark safety tips:
some Angel Fish?* Swim in groups-sharks are most likely to attack a
According to the International Shark Attack File (ISAF),person who's alone.
1,909 confirmed shark attacks have occurred around* Don't swim too far from shore (you're farther away
the world-between 1580 and 2003! Of these, 737from help and more isolated).
happened in the United States, and 38 people died as* Don't go in the water at night or during twilight hours
a result. Hardly alarming numbers, but the actualwhen sharks are most active.
number of shark attacks isn't really known because* Leave shiny jewelry at home-a shark could mistake
many areas keep them under wraps so tourism isn'tit for shiny fish scales.
affected.* Don't swim in areas used by commercial or sport
Unprovoked shark attacks, the kind where a shark infisherman where bait is used often (if there are diving
its natural habitat attacks a (live) human without anyseabirds around, it's likely this is the case).
apparent reason, do seem to be on the rise, though,* Don't swim if you have an uneven tan-sharks don't
say the researchers behind ISAF.like tan lines! (seriously, the contrast could attract them).
In 2004, there were 61 unprovoked shark attacks* The same goes for bright colored clothing-sharks
recorded worldwide (seven were fatal), up from 57 inmay be attracted to it.
2003. Overall, this number has been growing for the* Don't splash excessively or swim with pets (who
past 100 years, and more people were attacked in themay thrash around and attract a shark).
1990s than in any other decade (and so far it seems* Be careful around steep drop-offs or when between
that the current decade will break last decade'ssandbars (these are two areas sharks love).
record).What to do if a Shark Attacks
***** Your odds of being attacked by a shark? 1 in 11.5In the unlikely event that a shark does attack ... swim ...
million, says the International Shark Attack File. Beingand fast. Seriously, if you see a shark the best thing to
killed by a shark? 0 in 264.1 million. Your risk ofdo is stay calm and swim quickly, but smoothly, back
drowning, for comparison? 1 in 2 million. *****to the shore or surface.
Keep in mind, though, that if you're involved in a sharkIf the shark actually attacks, you should first try to hit it
attack that's deemed "provoked," that attack will noton the tip of its nose (use whatever you have with
be included in the tally. What constitutes a provokedyou-a spear or camera if you're diving, a surfboard as
shark attack or an attack that's not "unprovoked"?Letch did, or your own fist). The shark should go away
Those that involve:long enough for you to calmly, but quickly, swim away
* Sharks and divers in public aquaria or research(Discomforting side note: If you can't get away, and the
holding pensshark comes back, hitting it on the nose will become
* "Scavenge damage" to already dead humansless and less effective).
(typically drowning victims)If the shark bites and you're stuck in its mouth, be as
* Attacks on boatsaggressive as you can. Go for the sensitive areas of
* Attacks in which a human initiates contact with athe eyes and gill openings and hit the shark, hard. Don't
shark (such as a diver grabbing a shark)"play dead," as this won't help. As soon as the shark
Why are shark attacks on the rise? It's lessreleases, get out of the water as quickly as you can
complicated than you may think ... Say the researchers(don't hang around because once there's blood in the
at ISAF, it's because humans are spending more timewater, the shark will likely come back to attack again).
in the water.Chances are very, very small of being attacked by a
Where Are Shark Attacks Most Common?shark, though, so don't let Hollywood's version of a
Though images of Great Whites gliding throughman-eating Jaws (or the disturbing images of the film
Australia's Great Barrier Reef may come to mind,"Open Water") keep you from enjoying the surf.
most shark attacks happen in North American waters.If it makes you feel any better, there are plenty of
Within the United States, shark attacks happen mostother things to worry about while you're at the beach
often in Florida and then in:that are more likely to happen than a shark attack ...
* Californiathings like dehydration, jellyfish and stingray stings,
* Texascutting your foot on a seashell, sunburn, and sand
* Hawaiigetting wedged in private places, just to name a few.
* North CarolinaSources
* Alabama, Oregon and South Carolina (tied)Seattle Post-Intelligencer April 19, 2005
Worldwide, after North American waters, the mostInternational Shark Attack File
shark attacks occur in:Sharks!
* Australia